Friday, January 31, 2020
Sweatshops and Child Labor Essay Example for Free
Sweatshops and Child Labor Essay Sweatshop is defined as a factory or workshop, especially in the clothing industry, where manual workers are employed at very low wages for long hours and under poor conditions. Sweatshops also referred to as the â€Å"sweat factory†, creates a hazardous and unhealthy working environment for employees such as the exposure to harmful materials, dangerous situations, extreme temperatures and abuse from employers. Sweatshop workers work for long hours, sometimes without taking any breaks, and these workers are not paid for any overtime hours or the minimum wage, although it is mandatory by law. These conditions are considered risky for any person, but the worst part is that in many countries, children are being forced to work in these sweatshops. The term sweatshop is mostly associated with underprivileged developing countries especially in Asia, but sweatshops did exist at some point in United States and Europe. For Americans, sweatshops are history, but in a South Asian country, Bangladesh, people are still working in these horrible conditions, especially children. Child Labor has always been a part of developing countries and a current article about child labor in Bangladesh shows that it is never going to end. Recently, British Broadcast Corporation, also known as BBC, sent one of their newsperson, Alastair Lawson, to a safety pin factory in Bangladesh where many under aged children are employed. Lawson interviewed a ten-year-old girl named Asma, who works in that factory along with ten other children who are about her age. Asma’s job consists of â€Å"sitting on a bench alongside her co-workers, Asma operates a powerful cutting device in the poorly-lit premises for up to 12 hours a day.†The machine that Asma operates cuts the metal for the pins very thinly and if Asma makes any mistakes then she could lose her fingers on that cumbersome, heavy and dangerous machinery. When Lawson further interviews Asma, she tells him that the workers in the factory are not given any lunch breaks and there is no first aid in a case of an emergency. Asma, like other 13 million children in Bangladesh who work full time to support their families are forced to work because of the unfortunate ci rcumstances of which their families are in. Asma tells Lawson that she does not know who she is employed by and all she knows is that she earns about two dollars a day for working twelve hours. Lawson, disturbed by the environment of the sweatshops and the unsafe condition for not just children but any human, writes, I dont think she [Asma] understands the safety part of her work neither she nor her workmates wear any safety gear and she seems totally unaware of the hazards.†Many of the sweatshop workers work full time to support their families and provide food for them, which causes them to work in poor surroundings in which their lives are at jeopardy. Many of these workers are victims of what, according to James Rachels, the author of The Elements of Moral Philosophy, describes as â€Å"the minimum conception of morality†, this concept states that â€Å"morality is, at the very least, the effort to guide one’s conduct by reasonâ€â€that is, to do what there are the best reasons for doingâ€â€while giving equal weight to the interests of each individual affected by one’s decision†(Pg. 13). The reason why these workers might be in this state because they think of what the effect of their unemployment would be on their families who are depending on them for food and shelter, these workers think first about their home and then about themselves and what dangers they are facing when they go out to work in those hell holes called sweatshops. Although working in sweatshops and facing the conditions that are provided for workers there is morally wrong, but it is would not be considered ethically incorrect, because these workers are mostly uneducated and for that reason they can not find jobs in offices or other places where education is required. Another reason for why sweatshop should not be considered ethically wrong because these workers have a choice whether they should work there or not. If a worker does feel that the conditions in the sweatshop is too inconsiderate for them, then they can quit at any time that want, because they are not signing any legal documents that forces them to work there for a certain period of time. Also, many people in developing countries prefer to work in sweatshops because in such countries, there are many products produced from farming therefore, these workers could either become farmers or they could work in factories and build products such as cell phone component, clothing, furniture, shoes or toys. Sweatshops are especially beneficial for people who are handicapped and uneducated because if a person were both handicapped and uneducated then they would not be able to work on a farm. Therefore it is easier for them to just sit on a bench and manufacture products . Although the conditions in sweatshops are unsafe and unhygienic, but it would help handicapped people feel like they are helping their families instead of being a burden on them. Sweatshops are not just beneficial to handicapped and uneducated people, but it is also advantageous for the unfortunate developing countries. As the number of sweatshops increase the country can become more industrialized and there would be less farming and more technological advances. Many economists who are pro-sweatshops believe that if a country is more industrialized then the conditions of the sweatshops will improve and the wages will increase therefore the workers should assist their countries to become more developed. These economists also believe that when the conditions of sweatshops are described they are often compared to the factories in developed counties, which should not be the case because the developed countries have better laws and these laws are better enforced on business. Other than laws, it is also believed by many economists that sweatshops are better for the society in a developing country because people would work for money rather than stealing, which would create chaos and more problems for a country. Another reason is that women would get an equal opportunity to work and instead of going into stone crushing or prostitution, these women are working hard with their dignity. If there were no sweatshops in developing countries then people would not have any job opportunities and they would eventually starve themselves and then die. The cons of sweatshops can be that sweatshops and child labor, deprives children of their moral rights, Rachels talks about what morality really is and how it is related to our lives. Rachels devotes the entire first chapter of his book to What Is Morality? Rachels refers to Socrates, a classical Greek philosopher, who defines morality or moral philosophy, as â€Å"how we ought to live.†Considering Socrates definition of morality, it is seen that child labor in sweatshops deprives these children of how they want to live. These children are thrown into this dangerous and unhealthy work force as soon as they are able to understand the meaning of work. The meaning of morality shows that child labor and conditions in sweatshops are immoral because according to Rachels â€Å"the nature of morality has two main points†¦moral judgments must be backed by good reasons; and second, morality requires the impartial consideration of each individual’s interests.†Child labor and the conditions of sweatshops are not backed by any good reason; the only acceptable reasoning can be the poor condition the family of the worker is in. Also, the rising of unemployment rates in these disadvantaged countries are causing these workers be scared to lose their jobs (Rachels, Pg.10). Sweatshops not only deprive people of their rights to overtime payment or minimum wage, but they are not given any lunch breaks or in many cases bathroom breaks. Along with the horrible psychological conditions, these workers are also facing physical risks because of the harmful materials that they use during production of products that are made for rich or more developed countries. The argument that sweatshop workers should support their country into becoming an industrial is not really fair to the workers because the supervisor of the sweatshop earns the profit, but they refuse to share that with the workers. Critics of sweatshops say that the supervisors deliberately lower wages and make the hours longer because that would give them a greater profit margin, which is not beneficial for the workers at all, for long or short term. If the managers of the sweatshops keep this routine then the country would not get anywhere and there will be no industrialization. Some economists who are also the critics of sweatshop believe that better paying jobs, more investments and national possession of resources will improve the economics of a developing country rather than having sweatshops. All though there are economists who are pro-sweatshops, it is determined from the environment and the situations described by Lawson in a factory in Bangladesh, show that sweatshops are immoral because they deprive the human being of their rights such as children are robbed of their right to go to school and earn an education also their childhood is robbed of all the happiness of playing outside with their friends, but these children are forced to sit in a room for long hours and manufacture products by using machinery that is hazardous. Other than children, women also face immoral circumstances where some pregnant women are forced to have an abortion so they can continue working, which is the most corrupt thing that could happen to a woman. Many feminist organizations have campaigned against sweatshops because almost 90% of the laborers in sweatshops are women and children. Overall, the conditions of sweatshops and the treatment of workers demonstrates that the concept of sweatshops should not be used by any developing country to help them industrialize, because it is important for a country to be compassionate towards their people rather then becoming a well developed country which has been built on the poor workers sweat. People in industrialized countries like the United States believe that sweatshops are history but for poor developing countries, there are still sweatshops that have horrific working conditions in which mostly children and women work long hours to support their families. Some countries that have sweatshops are, China, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Vietnam and Honduras. These countries should begin to invest more in better factories with machinery that is safe for human use and strict laws should be passed out that prevent children under the age of sixteen to work in these factories. Along with better factory conditions, overtime pay, lunch breaks and vacation and sick leaves should be provided to the workers. There should be better laws that enforce minimum payment and employs laborers with equal employment opportunity. These improvements would have a better affect on the economy of these countries, because people would most likely be satisfied with their jobs and they would be more willing to help their country become industrialized. Sweatshops are not the last hope for a developing country to become industrialized and anything that begins with immorality does not stand for long, but something that has been made with enthusiasm lasts longer and is much healthier.
Thursday, January 23, 2020
The Life of Mass Murderer, Henry Lee Lucas Essay -- Biography Biograph
The Life of Mass Murderer, Henry Lee Lucas "Henry Lee Lucas enjoyed holding the title of 'the most infamous man on death row.' His fleeting fame did not evolve from the three cold-blooded murders he did commit, but from hundreds of murders he did not." (Bonnie Bobit) He confessed to hundreds of murders to prove several points, as well as to delay his death sentence. Lucas lived through a childhood of abuse and neglect. If there is a case that proves a person's childhood is reflected in their later actions this could certainly be one. He was never taught that life had any value and perhaps this led him into a life of crime. (killer index) Henry Lee Lucas was born on August 23, 1936, in Blacksburg Virginia. Lucas's mother was an abusive prostitute who forced both her disabled husband and son Henry to watch her performance of sexual acts on strangers. Henry's father was missing both his legs from a accident; he sold pencils on a street corner to earn an income for their family and to feed his alcoholism. Henry came from a large family of eight brothers and sisters, they all lived in a two-room dirt floor cottage. (Killer index) As well as being forced to watch his mother's sexual acts, Henry's mother severely beat him. Henry and one of his brothers were carrying on one day and Henry's eye was stabbed out. It was days before someone took Henry to the doctor. He was in excruciating pain for days. (Bonnie Bobit) One time Henry's mother beat him so hard with a wooden stick that he "lay in a semi-conscious state for three days' before he was taken to the doctor. (Serial killer index) Viola, Henry's mother also used to dress him up in a dress, curl his hair and send him off shoeless to school. She beat him once because he came h... ...//www.amnesty.org/ailib/aipub/1998/AMR/25101098.htm Amnesty International. United States of America: Death Penalty in Texas: Lethal Injustice. March 1998. http://crimemagazine.com/lucas.htm Bobit, Bonnie. Crime magazine an encyclopedia of crime. http://www.detnews.com/1998/nation/9806/26/06270008.htm Holmes, Michael (Associated Press) Texas governor grants death chamber reprieve to confessed serial killer. The Detroit News Friday June 6 1998. http://www.houseofhorrors.com/lucas.htm House of Horrors. Henry Lee Lucas portrait of a serial killer. http://detnews.com/menu/stories/18493.htm Pressley, Sue Anne, Washington Post. Executioner awaits for Henry Lee Lucas, criminal superstar of '80s. Detroit news October 2, 1995 http://www.mayhem.net/Crime/serial1.html Serial Killer Hit list http://www.crass.com/killer/lucas.html Serial Killer index.
Wednesday, January 15, 2020
Man Warms Up The Earth Essay
Abstract Many causes of global warming have been theorized by scientists and researchers for decades. Some say it is caused by natural causes like orbital planetary alignments and geothermal progression of the earth while there are many who contradict by saying that man has brought it upon himself through his constant abuse of the environment. Economical and political principles add up to the confusing problem being focused on. Whatever the causes may truly be, global warming is already causing enough trouble for mankind and everything should be done to stop or slow it down. Man Warms Up The Earth            Global warming is a very sensitive issue in the scientific field. Many scientists and environmentalists are doing their best to create programs for governments and communities to become more aware of human activities that are aggravating the situation. Many people believe that industrialization and other capitalist concerns have to stop or slacken its pace to rehabilitate the damaged environment. There are those, however, who also believe that nature is simply running its usual course and that man does not have any way to stop it.            The debates have grown mostly in favor of those who believe that man causes global warming. A large number of studies have already been released and reported through different media like television, radio, newspapers, scientific journals, magazines, etc. Countries have already tried to address the problem by convening through agreements like the Kyoto Protocol and the Montreal Protocol. Assessments of these activities, however, do not always show that the agreements have been enough to really create change in the damage mankind has been doing to his environment.            These studies, agreements and activities lead to the conclusion that global warming and earth’s destruction is inevitable and coming too fast. It creates a sense of panic for those who would read and listen to the debates being engaged in by scientists and environmentalists. This paper seeks to know the real causes of global warming and to conclude whether man truly gives a great contribution to the issue. What is global warming?            Global warming pertains to the increasing hot temperature within the planet. According to scientific studies, carbon dioxide and methane gases collect in the atmosphere and form a sort of thick blanket that traps the heat within the earth. When heat is trapped, the resulting climate becomes warmer and changes the natural temperature and weather of the planet.            Although global warming seems just a simple change towards hotter temperatures, its effects can be devastating. Warmer temperatures can make glaciers melt which can cause the release of greenhouse gases and unavoidable water shortages in certain areas of the globe. The melting ice can also cause big floods that can drown out many parts of the world.  Warmer sea surfaces can lead to more serious hurricanes. The rising temperature also causes the increase of pests and the diseases that come along with it. The change in temperature can also affect the many habitats of the 30 million other creatures on earth and further their extinction which will upset the ecological balance even more. Man may be the only driving force towards these changes yet these affect the total population of the whole world.            According to different scientists, global warming has two major causes: natural and man-made or anthropogenic. Natural Causes – Theories and Myths?            Global warming, some scientists believe, is a predicament that is inevitable because of the earth’s cycle of climate changes and natural emission of greenhouse gases by living creatures. Evidences have been given to show that these factors are the main cause of the issue.            Climate Change Cycle. Scientists say that the earth changes its climate every thousands of years although there are variations to the number being projected. There are those who believe that the cycle is every 40,000 years but according to the studies made by Tom Scheffelin (2007), a member of the California Air Resources Board, the climate cycles may be within periods of 1,800 years. He argues that based on marine scientist, Otto Pettersson, the relation of the sun with the orbital alignment of the earth and its moon occurs in the suggested period and this causes the alteration of underwater movement which in turn results to a modified ocean temperature change that consequently revises climate. Pettersson’s theory is based on his own review of many studies including Peter Freuchen’s Book of the Seven Seas (2003) which gives concrete observations and evaluations of tidal cycles. This theory was supported by Dr. Charles Keeling, a carbon dioxide scientist, through his research entitled, â€Å"The 1,800-Year Oceanic Tidal Cycle: A Possible Cause of Rapid Climate Change,†which gives many analysis of ice-core and deep-sea sediment-core records regarding the past million years. According to these theories, the planet shall continue to warm up until the year 2350 and may only return to its current state of temperature after around 900 years.            Carbon Dioxide Emissions. Living creatures naturally emit carbon dioxide as a product of breathing in oxygen. Also according to Scheffelin, current carbon dioxide emissions should not be affecting climate change towards global warming as other scientists propose. â€Å"Carbon dioxide levels track temperature changes between 300 to 1,000 years after the temperature has changed. â€Å" (par. 8) This simply means that carbon dioxide responds to normal biological activity and does not create changes in the earth’s climate.            Methane Gas Emissions and the Arctic Tundra. Some scientists believe that the Arctic Tundra’s gradual thawing is a natural phenomenon and should not cause concern. These researchers theorize that the geothermal heat radiating from the core of the earth is causing the oceans to get warmer. While this is happening, the ocean slowly stops absorbing carbon dioxide at its present rate.  This is a cause for concern because the carbon dioxide content of oceans are fifty times greater than the amount in the atmosphere. Therefore, even if only a two percent decrease rate happens, the amount contained by the atmosphere shall double and cause the oceans to increase its hot temperature even more. There are also theories that say that if the shallow Arctic Ocean will get warmer, it shall release more methane gas which will eventually make the atmosphere even warmer. Al Gore, in his book, The Shadow Our Future Throws (2006), explains that this can cause a great acceleration for global warming. When the tundra begins to thaw, methane gases will be emitted to the atmosphere and â€Å"each methane molecule is twenty times more effective as a greenhouse gas than each molecule of carbon dioxide.†(p. 53) Man-Made Causes            Many causes of global warming are currently being attributed to man’s own destruction of his environment. Specific causes include fossil fuel burning, pollution, population, poor knowledge of environmental use and economic policies that threaten our natural resources.            Fossil Fuel Burning. According to scientists, the burning of fossil fuels release carbon dioxide molecules into the air and these form a thick blanket that traps heat within the planet. Fossil fuel is needed for many of the machines and transportation vehicles that man is using for economic development. Without fossil fuel, industries will not be able to flourish and the economies of many countries will fall.            Carbon dioxide is not the only greenhouse gas that attributes to the entrapment of heat within the earth. Fossil fuels, as the name implies, are resources that have to be uncovered from the earth’s layers underground. Digging up fossil fuel not only releases carbon dioxide but also methane, another greenhouse gas. Continual excavation for fuel and the resulting release of greenhouse gases is therefore dangerous. However, digging up these greenhouse gases is only the start of the problem because the conversion of fossil fuel and its use also result to pollution that adds to the growing problem of global warming.            Pollution. Air pollution is one of the greatest concerns of environmentalists. Scientists who support these ecologically concerned groups say that emissions from cars and other vehicles that use fossil fuel are worsening global warming. According to the Natural Resources Defense Council (2007), automobiles are the second largest source of carbon emissions which creates around 1.5 billion tons of carbon dioxide yearly from the United States alone.            From another part of the planet, Asians have also studied their own contribution to the problem of carbon dioxide emissions. In a study made by Dollaris Suhadi and his colleagues (2005) from the environmental studies faculty of Universiti Putra Malaysia, the photochemical smog in Metropolitan Jakarta is also a major contributor to the problem of air pollution.  According to researchers, photochemical smog is a condition that develops when nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOC) are created by the burning of fossil fuel and biomass and are mixed with sunlight to produce dangerous secondary gas pollutants. Ground-level ozone is then produced. The results of the research concludes that smog pollution potential in the location is high because of the increasing traffic emissions of ozone precursors and the meteorological conditions (warm tropic temperature, high solar radiation and calm wind conditions). (p. 118)            Coal burning is also another major contributor to air pollution. This activity is common to many countries because it is a process necessary to get power for the operation of many machinery.  Coal-burning power plants are the largest U.S. source of carbon dioxide pollution  they produce 2.5 billion tons every year. (Natural Resources Defense Council, par. 1)            Ozone Layer. In the 1980s, concern over the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) in chemical production was raised in relation to global warming. According to a report published on In Focus, a newsletter propagated by the Interhemispheric Resource Center and Institute for Policy Studies, CFCs and other chemicals are destroying the ozone layer of the earth. The ozone layer is important because it blocks off enough ultra violet rays of the sun towards the earth. Excessive exposure to the ultra violet rays causes skin cancer. According to the report, ozone layer depletion is masking the problem of global warming because its effect on the stratosphere makes the climate seem cooler than it should. The ozone layer simply aids in deceiving people from knowing the alarming rate at which global warming is rising.            Global warming and ozone depletion are interrelated because the rising temperature of the earth also adds to the content of water vapor in the atmosphere. This traps infrared heat in the parts of the atmosphere nearer the earth that should have been thrown back into outer space via the stratosphere. On the average, the earth as a whole reflects around 30 percent of the total radiation back into space and a change in the amount of water vapor or any other element in the ozone layer can affect the heating or cooling of the atmosphere. (Tillery, 2007, p. 577) When the stratosphere is cooler, the increase in water vapor would have an effect on the increase of ice crystals within the ozone, concentrating on the polar regions wherein the CFCs are bound to stay. The CFCs in the ozone near the polar region will then hasten the depletion of the ozone layer at an even faster rate. Population. The seemingly uncontrollable rise of population is another source of concern that can result to global warming. A research was made by a group of scientists from Canada and Spain, regarding the possibility of humans and domestic animals contributing highly to the problem of rising planetary temperatures. The research was done by using allometric relationships that depict standard metabolic and defecation rates of the human and animal populations based on data that were gotten from the 2002 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations. According to the results, the â€Å"combined direct and indirect metabolic sources, estimated at 3.1 GtC year-1 have increased 7 fold since pre-industrial times and are predicted to continue to rise.†(Praire, et.al., 2007, p. 217). This therefore indicates that carbon emissions from living creatures also have a direct effect on the warming temperatures of the environment and may need to be considered for further studies involving global warming. Another cause for global warming attributed to population growth is the destruction of natural forests being done because of the need for additional housing and income. When the population increases, the need for shelter and urbanization also increases. These result to the need to clear up forests for villages and cities. Trees have to be cut down to make houses and furniture. Raw lands have to be turned into farms to create income from agriculture. This has happened in many countries, especially the Third World nations who are grappling in order to cope up with world economy. Denudation of Forests. Forests are the very basic in the ecological system of balance. This is because much of the carbon dioxide on earth is replaced and converted into oxygen by the many trees and plants in these areas. One of the major concerns of environmentalists is the rampant denudation of forests that could help in the balancing off of the carbon emissions of man. A great example of how forests can actually affect global climate was explained by Al Gore. â€Å"When I was flying over the Amazon rain forest in a small plane, I was struck by what happened immediately after a thunderstorm moved across an area of the forest: as soon as the rain stopped, clouds of moisture began to rise from the trees to form new rain clouds that moved west, driven by the wind, where they provided the water for new rain falling out of new thunderstorms. An interruption of this natural process can have a magnified impact. †¦ And when the overarching canopy of leaves is removed, the sudden warming of the forest floor leads to the release of huge quantities of methane and CO2, as a kind of biochemical â€Å"burning†takes place. (p. 51)            The example mentioned above is merely a depiction of how important forests are to mankind with respect to global warming. The Amazon forest and the ones in Indonesia make up most of the forest reserves of the world. The importance of these forests cannot be undermined according to Franz J. Broswimmer (2002). According to this environmentalist, the top 15 underdeveloped countries who are debtors of international institutions have tripled the rates of forest denudation. This is caused by the race towards international economic survival. Brazil and Indonesia, for example, are some of the heaviest indebted countries who count on their virgin forests for the production of new goods that would earn their nation’s payments to world banks. The deforestation rates of these countries have increased by 82 percent and 245 percent respectively since the 1970s. (p. 89)            The rampant increase of deforestation, without the allotment for planting new trees to replace the old ones, carry great implications in the upset of the natural ecological balance of the earth.            Economic Policies. Governments of different countries have been so focused on getting their numbers right for their Gross National Products but have disregarded the usurpation of natural resources. Many international organizations have convened to help the growth of the underdeveloped or Third World Countries but have consistently ignored the possible consequences of their agreements to the earth itself.            According to a study made by Julius Kenneth Ningu (2006) and his colleagues regarding the effect of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)co, the economic agreements made had a negative effect on the country’s environment.            The research analyzed the activities that happened from 1994 to 2004 since the NAFTA was agreed upon. Before NAFTA, 70 percent of imports were tax free and did not result to an increase in the destruction of the environment. In fact, Mexico established monitoring programs for pollution and had environmental policies being strictly followed. However, the NAFTA forced Mexico into an economic crisis and by the end of the first year, the country’s government had to relax its environmental policies by almost 45 percent. By the year 2002, â€Å"In 2002, the costs of environmental degradation and natural resources depletion amounted to 65,934 million dollars †¦ the expenses made in the same year for protection and reduction of environmental damage generated by production activities reached an amount of 3,473 million dollars.† This means that only 53 percent was recovered from the depletion of the natural resources used. The bulk of the environmental degradation was generated by air pollution due to the industrial factors and automobile emissions which accounted for 79.5 percent but 2.4 percent was alluded to the problem of forest denudation because of the need for timber products. (p. 7) Taxes have been instituted for protection of the environment. However, the damage being done is excessive compared to the gains and the government is hesitant to improve these conditions due to the problem of the economy.            Robert Suzuki, a staunch environmentalist, criticizes the point of view of economists with the disregard for the environment. According to his book, The Suzuki Reader (2003), economists continue to ignore the problems that their policies are making for the environment in lieu of monetary gains. â€Å"†¦global economics is ultimately destructive because it is fatally flawed: it externalizes the natural capital and services that keep us alive while glorifying human inventiveness as if it allows us to escape finite limits and manage our biophysical surroundings; it assumes that endless growth is possible and necessary and represents progress; it does not value long-term social and ecological sustainability; it rejects caring, cooperation, and sharing as irrational while promoting selfishness; and it cannot incorporate the reality of spiritual needs.†(p. 93)            The need for global economists to unite with environmentalists is great if global warming is to be averted or slowed down. Many studies have already been made to point out that economics plays a major role in the activities of mankind that directly affect the destruction of the environment which causes changes in the earth’s climate.            Lack of Education. One of the worst problems that is wreaking havoc on the environment is lack of education. Although many studies have already been made to note that many of human activities are endangering every one’s survival on the planet, many people are still unaware that the lifestyle being promoted by capitalism does so. Most of the educational information being propagated in schools are related to pollution but the increased demand for progress ultimately sets these principles aside. Conclusion            Man’s own industrial progress is making the earth a terrible place to live in – whether these are causing global warming or not. The activities being made in the name of economics is feeding on the natural warming of the earth. Some may say that orbital alignments of the earth, moon and sun give rise to the eventual thawing of the arctic tundra. However, the increased release of methane and carbon dioxides due to pollution is aggravating it. This problem would not have been so serious if man were disciplined enough to put ecological balance upright by replacing the natural resources that has been continually depleted for his need for progress. Global warming is already existent even when scientists debate on its causes. Natural causes are unavoidable and will continue to exist even if man tries to stop them. However, man-made causes are totally in human control. Air pollution and denudation of forests are increasingly adding to the number of problems that global warming is not even part of. Sicknesses like lung cancer and chronic coughs are caused by air pollution. Denudation of forests lead to the deaths of many people because of the landslides and flashfloods it causes. Pestilence and the accompanying illnesses that are produced by it are also because of the rampant deforestation that many governments are ignorantly encouraging for national development.            The issue of global warming is only one among the basic problems that man has to resolve due to undisciplined acts of torturing the environment. Aggravating natural causes to the warming of the earth is still a major reason for concern and capitalism will never be a good excuse for destroying the only planet humans and the other 30 million creatures can live on.  References Broswimmer, F.J. (2002). â€Å"Ecocide and Globalization.†Ecocide: A Short History of the Mass  Extinction of Species. London: Pluto. Gore, A. (2006). The Shadow Our Future Throws. New York: Rodale. Pp. 36 – 55. Natural Resources Defense Council. (2007). Issues: Global Warming. Retrieved March 3, 2008,            from http://www.nrdc.org/globalWarming/f101.asp Ningu, J.K., Jacome, J.T., Silva Gomez, S.E. and Aviles, R.P. (2006). The Effects of North            America Free Trade Agreement on Mexican Environmental Policy (1994-2004).            American Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 2(1). Pp. 5-8. Praire, Y.T. and Duarte, C.M. (2007). Direct and Indirect Metabolic CO2 Release by Humanity.            Biogeosciences, Vol. 4, pp. 215 – 217. Scheffelin, T. (2007). Global Warming Causes Carbon Dioxide – Erroneous Scientific            Consensus Stifles Progress. Design News. Retrieved March 3, 2008, from            http://www.designnews.com/article/CA6493634.html Suhadi, D.R. Awang, M., Hassan, M.N., Abdullah, R. and Muda, A.H. (2005). Review of            Photochemical Smog Pollution in Jakarta Metropolitan, Indonesia. American Journal of            Environmental Sciences, 1(2), p. 110 – 118. Suzuki, D. (2003). Hubris of Global Economics, Economics and Politics. The Suzuki Reader.            Vancouver:Greystone. Tillery, B. (2007). Physical Science. New York: McGraw-Hill. Annotated Bibliography Broswimmer, F.J. (2002). â€Å"Ecocide and Globalization.†Ecocide: A Short History of the Mass  Extinction of Species. London: Pluto. The book is about how global economy is actually hastening the depletion of the earth’s natural resources. The author believes that a thriving global economy is not the most important thing that should concern mankind. It is the opinion of the writer that the environment should be the priority because it is our primary source for survival. Gore, A. (2006). The Shadow Our Future Throws. New York: Rodale. Pp. 36 – 55. This book is about how mankind’s activities are affecting the environment. It uses specific examples experienced by the author to show the importance of ecological balance. It also gives theories like the â€Å"feedback†loop to show how each activity (man-made or natural) has interrelated effects on life and habitat. Natural Resources Defense Council. (2007). Issues: Global Warming. Retrieved March 3, 2008,            from http://www.nrdc.org/globalWarming/f101.asp The article is meant to make people understand the basic information about global warming. It includes statistics and explanations on the causes and effects of global warming. It also ventures to suggest that the U.S. government has the ability to impose change on the world when it comes to ecological concerns because it is the top-most contributor to the damage of the habitat. Ningu, J.K., Jacome, J.T., Silva Gomez, S.E. and Aviles, R.P. (2006). The Effects of North            America Free Trade Agreement on Mexican Environmental Policy (1994-2004).            American Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 2(1). Pp. 5-8. This research is about the negative effects of Mexico’s economic policies on the environment. It sought to discover how much damage has been caused in lieu of progress. The research criticized that the Mexican government has to double its initiative in caring for the environment but is constrained by the need to uphold economic principles. Praire, Y.T. and Duarte, C.M. (2007). Direct and Indirect Metabolic CO2 Release by Humanity.            Biogeosciences, Vol. 4, pp. 215 – 217. This research tried to analyze the difference between the natural carbon dioxide emissions of humans and animals in the pre-industrial era to the current situation. The researchers made use of recognized international organizational statistics to show the difference. Scheffelin, T. (2007). Global Warming Causes Carbon Dioxide – Erroneous Scientific            Consensus Stifles Progress. Design News. Retrieved March 3, 2008, from            http://www.designnews.com/article/CA6493634.html This article is made to show how environmentalists and scientists are creating panic over a natural phenomenon such as global warming. The article reveals studies made by other scientists who believe that the earth is merely undergoing a climate cycle that has been in place due to natural causes. The article sought to contradict other scientists and criticized that people are being made to panic when there is nothing that can be done anyway. Suhadi, D.R. Awang, M., Hassan, M.N., Abdullah, R. and Muda, A.H. (2005). Review of            Photochemical Smog Pollution in Jakarta Metropolitan, Indonesia. American Journal of            Environmental Sciences, 1(2), p. 110 – 118. The research is about how ground-ozone is created in Jakarta and its effect on smog pollution levels. The research shows that the major contributor for smog pollution is the automobile use. It also showed that weather or climate conditions can intensify the rate of smog pollution. Suzuki, D. (2003). Hubris of Global Economics, Economics and Politics. The Suzuki Reader.            Vancouver:Greystone. This book is a compilation of many articles written by the author regarding the effect of global economy and politics on the environment. It cites many instances wherein the government policies for economic progress have harmed man’s habitat. It also seeks to find economists who should help in the environmental cause because the author believes that the economy is actually based on its natural resources that could be depleted if not taken care of properly.
Tuesday, January 7, 2020
Plagiarism Essay - 957 Words
Intro Plagiarism definition Differences from personal/ outside sources Documentation (MLA/APA) Conclusion What is Plagiarism? One of the biggest issues that will come up when students write papers, is plagiarism. It is getting harder for students to avoid plagiarism. When a student plagiarizes, it can greatly affect them in a number of ways. The intention of this paper is to discuss what plagiarism is, how to give the proper documentation, and what to use when citing a source. Plagiarism is defined as taking somebody’s work and using it as your own work (â€Å"What is Plagiarism†). A variety of things can be plagiarized; they can range from papers all the way to people’s ideas. The most common thing that is plagiarized, would be†¦show more content†¦Jim Carnett has the first-hand experience with this happening, â€Å"I lifted a portion of one of my columns and inserted it in the Daily Pilot piece without attribution. The best way to avoid having personal ideas confused with outside sources is to look and see if there has been any form of documentation of the idea. If there is documentation of said idea out there, then that would count as an outside source and you need to provide documentation for it. There can be coincidences, however, where two different parties have the same idea and you can’t tell whether or not it is a case of plagiarism. This is the case between the authors of Bucky’s 9th and The Art of Fi elding. The two books share a very similar plot, that 3rd parties can’t tell whether or not it is plagiarism. The easiest way to solve this issue would be by having both authors provide the manuscripts for their respective books of when they started writing them (Fallon). Perhaps one of the simplest ways to avoid plagiarism is to provide documentation of where you got your information from. In an article in The Washington Post, Sandra Miller wrote about how she saw her son skimming websites and not providing a source as to where he got his information. If her son was to write the paper without giving any form of documentation, that would count as plagiarism. A piece of advice that Miller wrote was, â€Å"WhenShow MoreRelated Plagiarism Essay1731 Words  | 7 PagesPlagiarism missing works cited Plagiarism is a distinguished sounding word. One would almost think that it sounds like some lofty philosophical ideal named for the great Greek teacher Plagiarus, something to be aspired to. This is not so. Plagiarism is in fact a moral misdemeanor, and an academic felony. By definition, plagiarism is a piece of writing that has been copied from someone else and is presented as being your own work. Socrates, Plato and Aristotle would have frowned on such a practiceRead MorePlagiarism Essay1649 Words  | 7 PagesI think there was far more plagiarism in the last century. 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Whether they were looking at anotherRead More Plagiarism On The Increase Essay1236 Words  | 5 Pages Plagiarism seems to be an increasing problem in todays society, especially on college and university campuses, with the immense resources presently available to people. Previously, individuals were restricted to finding information in resources such as books, magazines, journals, encyclopedias and newspapers, but with the technology and the growth and popularity of the Internet, plagiarism has truly become an issue. There seems to be a direct correlation with the increasing use of the InternetRead MoreOvercoming Plagiarism Essay1247 Words  | 5 Pages Plagiarism is an ever-increasing problem throughout the world today, as the internet, along with technology such as Iphones and Tablets, has made accessing another person’s useful work as easy as typing a few words into a search bar. Pirating that work is then a simple matter of â€Å"cutting and pasting†. 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Different sources of plagiarizing included copying texts from the library and buying old papers off of other students. There were not many resources to choose from where a student’s topic was contained. That has now changed. There is a little thing called the Internet. It has revolutionized the plagiarism world and made it a little more difficultRead MoreEssay On Plagiarism1754 Words  | 8 PagesPlagiarism Many people plagiarize their papers without meaning to. What exactly is plagiarism? Plagiarism is using someone else’s thoughts and ideas as your own and not properly citing them--or not giving the original author credit at all. In this case, we are going to focus on research papers. How do you write a research paper and if you have to use specific sources, how do you properly cite them? In this research paper, I will discuss the following: What is plagiarism? How do you avoid it? HowRead MoreEssay on The Internet and Plagiarism1042 Words  | 5 PagesThe Internet and Plagiarism The World Wide Web is larger than any one person can imagine. There are an infinite amount of links to libraries and other sources of information. There are numerous search engines, such as Yahoo, which make researching really easy. We can find anything that we want on line, because there are no boundaries to our explorations, and there are no laws to stop us. You can find anything from socks to guns. People can even find completed research papers online; theyRead More Plagiarism Essay1189 Words  | 5 PagesPlagiarism For many, many years schools have been trying to stop students from plagiarizing materials. Detecting this plagiarism used to be easy because students only had access to books in the library, magazines, and encyclopedias. However, as the popularity of the Internet increased, so did the number of essays and papers being plagiarized. Students can easily go onto the internet and in no time at all find and essay on their topic of choice. For a certain fee they can buy the essay and
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